Selection criteria, Early criteria, Indirect criteria, QTL, Causal mutations
Summary:
The use of indirect selection criteria together with the classic criteria has been proposed to increase the
selection scheme efficiency. This use supposes knowing the genetic parameters and particularly the
genetic correlations between criteria. The failure of genetic improvement of the female reproductive
traits through the testis measurements of their related males illustrates the difficulties of indirect selection,
even in case of favorable genetic parameters. Moreover, the difficulties found to combine two criteria
that compose litter size in a better index that the one provided by the classic criterion, show that
linear combinations of several criteria can have sometimes a low selection efficiency. The recent changes
of the biology provide to the breeder a large amount of new criteria which are of two types. On one
hand, there are now in all the species a large number of QTL markers (microsatellites or SNP). Nevertheless,
except for very specific cases, these markers present more interest for gene localisation or identification
than as criteria to integrate in a selection process. On the other hand, several causal mutations
have been discovered; they present in some cases a great interest for the genetic improvement but their
integration in genetic evaluation is scarce. Without any doubt methodological developments are still
necessary to combine elementary selection criteria in more effective indexes.
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