It describes the evolution experienced by Lidia breed throughout history, influenced by changes in society, fans preferences, regulations and technological advances. The selection scheme, the farm organization, the reproductive, feeding and healthcare management procedures experienced an adjustment to existing problems with current legislation and the economic situation. This evolution continues today with a high progress in feeding, selection, assisted reproduction, transport and training of animals. Not surprisingly there are several problems that the sector must overcome such as the health problems, the falling syndrome and the danger of extinction of certain encastes.