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Evaluation of agronomical performance of several peach rootstocks in Lleida and Girona (Catalonia NE - Spain)


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Authors: I. Iglesias, R. Montserrat, J. Carbó, J. Bonany, M. Casals
Issue: 99V-1 (58-67)
Topic: Plant Production
Keywords: Peach, rootstock, vigour, yield efficiency, yield, quality, fruit size, root sucker, iron chlorosis
Summary:

Agronomical behaviour of 23 peach rootstocks grafted with cultivar 'Elegant Lady®' ('Merdame') have been evaluated over a six year period (1996-2001) in the IRTA's Experimental Station of Lleida and the Experimental Station of Mas Badia (Girona). Bloom time has not been significantly affected by the rootstock while differences on harvest date based on fruit firmness and IR have been observed. In general, the lowest values of IR have been obtained on plum rootstocks species. Significant differences have been observed on vigour with 'Felinem' (GxN22), 'Garnem' (GxN15), GF-305, 'Titan' and GF-677 being the most vigorous and 'Jaspi®' ('Fereley') and GF655/2, 'Montizo' and 'Nemaguard' the weakest ones. Highest cumulative yields per tree were recorded on 'Barrier', GF-677 and 'Montclar®' ('Chanturgue') and the lowest on GF-655/2 and 'Nemaguard'. When cumulative yields were adjusted by rootstock vigour and converted to tons/ha highest yield was obtained on GF655/2, 'Adesoto 101', 'Jaspi®' ('Fereley') and 'Isthara®' ('Ferciana'), all weak rootstocks. Tree vigour and cumulative yields on all the rootstocks have been always higher in Lleida than in Girona. GF 655/2, 'Isthara®' ('Ferciana') and 'Jaspi®' ('Fereley') have shown the highest efficiency (kg/cm²) Largest fruit size has been obtained on ' Rubira', 'Barrier' and 'Adesoto 101' in Lleida, and on the plum types or some interspecfic rootstocks in Girona. Presence of suckering has been observed only on plum rootstocks species, especially GF 655/2, 'Adesoto 101', 'Julior®' ('Ferdor') and 'Monpol' with small differences among them. 'Nemared', 'Nemaguard' and 'Myran®' ('Yumir') showed the maximum sensitivity to iron chlorosis, intermediate values was recorded on GF305, 'Montclar', PSB2, PSA6, PSA5, 'Rubira', 'Jaspi®' ('Fereley'), GF 655/2 and 'Barrier'. The lowest was obtained on 'Garnem' (GxN 15), 'Felinem', 'lsthara®', MRS 2/5 and 'Adesoto 101'. GF 677 was the only rootstock without iron chlorosis.

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